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Březnice was first mentioned in a document in 1224. At that time the castle was founded for the protection of the Golden Path, the important trading route between Bavaria and Bohemia. The settlement that began to develop beneath the castle was first mentioned in 1327. In the 14th century mining for silver increased the importance of the town. In 1422 the castle, whose owner supported the Hussites movement, was conquered and destroyed by the catholic army. At the end of the 15th century it was rebuilt as a Renaissance castle. Between 1872 and 1945 the Březnice estates were owned by the counts Pálffy.

The dominant building on the main square of Březnice is the  Jesuit church St. Ignatius and St. Francis Xavier [background]. It was built in 1642–1650 in Baroque style by Carlo Lurago.