DEUTSCHLAND	GERMANY
Bundesland: Niedersachsen	Lower Saxony
Landkreis: Aurich

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The island of Juist is only 500 m wide, but 17 km long, which makes it the longest of the East Frisian Islands (Borkum, Memmert, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog, Spiekeroog and Wangerooge). 2,800 people live on the island. No motor traffic is allowed.

The earliest mentin of the island dates from 1398 when the island was part of the domains of the chieftain family tom Brook. Before, the name Just refered to a settlement on the large island of Bant. It is not known exactly when Bant was broken up by storms, forming eventually the modern island of Juist. In the 15th century the island came under the influence of the East Frisian counts and princes of the Cirksena family. The 'St. Peter's Flood' of 1651 broke through the northern edge dunes in the area of the present-day Hammersee and divided the island into two roughly equal parts. After the Peace of Tilsit in 1807, East Frisia and thus Juist became part of the French Kingdom of Holland. French occupation troops stayed on the island from 1811 until 1816 when the island was returned to the Kingdom of Hannover. Together with Hannover, the east Frisian islands were annexed by the kingdom of Prussia in 1866. By 1870 the southern part of the sea branch between the two parts of the island ('Hammer bay') had been secured by a dam. The first jetty was built in 1894. A horse railway was built on the island in 1898 but was destroyed in the same year by a storm. The line was reconstructed and reopened in 1899 as Germany's first island railway using steam engines. The northern part of the Hammer bay was closed by a dam in 1928–1932. A storm flood in 1932 filled the low-lying area between the dams with water and created today's Hammer lake. Within the course of the century the brackish waters of the lake finally turned to freshwater.

The first church on the island was destroyed by high tides in 1651, and three later churches also were destroyed by the sea. The picture on the glass shows Juist's fifth church [left, no. 865, and below, no. 3807: bottom right picture], built in 1779 in the eastern part of the village. Between 1811 and 1816 French occupation troops converted the church to a fortress. After their departure in 1816, the church was onverted back to a place of worhip in 1818. In 1898 the church was enlarged at the eastern side and a small turret was added on gthe western end of the roof (this state is shown on glass no. 865 [left]. A west tower (as shown on glass no. 3807 [below: bottom roght picture]) was built in 1908. The church was demolished in 1962 to make room for the current, modern Protestant church, completed in 1964.

Hotel Kurhaus [near left, no. 3807: top left] was built in 1898. Alterations followed soon, especially after the storm flood of 1906. All in all, the exterior appearance of the hotel, with the exception of a balcony above the main entrance and window gables that have been removed, has not changed since then.

The top right picture on glass no. 3807 shows a view of Hotel Rose (today 'Nordseehotel Freese').

Hotel Friesenhof [near left, no. 3807: bottom left] opened in 1901. The hotel was enlarged in 1928.

The bottom right picture on glass no. 3807 shows the new (fifth) church as it appeared after the west tower had been built in 1908 (see above).

[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juist, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juist; https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inselkirche_Juist; https://www.strandhotel-kurhaus-juist.com/unser-hotel/historie.html; https://www.wikiwand.com/de/Zu_den_heiligen_Schutzengeln_(Juist)#/Geschichte; https://friesenhof.info/hotel-juist/geschichte/]