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Wien

hr: Beč hu: Bécs sl: Dunaj cs: Vídeň sk: Viedeň es, lt, pt, ro: Viena en, es, it, pt, ro: Vienna fr: Vienne et: Viin is: Vín lv: Vīne tr: Viyana sq: Vjena nl: Wenen pl: Wiedeń
el: Βιέννη
sr: Беч be, ru: Вена bg, mk: Виена uk: Відень
ar: فيينا

 
1. Bezirk: Innere Stadt 1st district: Inner City

Hofburg

The Hofburg (Imperial Palace) was the seat of the Austrian sovereigns from the 13th century up until 1918. Around 1215/1220 it became the new residence of the Babenbergs (Duke Leopold VI of Austria), and was used also by King Ottokar II and Rudolf of Habsburg, and was enlarged and extended throughout the following centuries. The Hofburgkapelle (palace chapel) was first mentioned in 1296 and was rebuilt in 1447–1449. The Schweizertrakt, which received its current form in the Renaissance period (Schweizertor gate, 1552/53), houses the world-famous treasury with the insignia of the Holy Roman Empire, the insignia of the House of Habsburg (after 1804 the insignia of the Austrian Empire) and numerous other precious items. The Stallburg stables were built 1558–1568 is home of the famous Spanish Riding School (existing since 1572), the Winterreitschule (winter riding school) was built in 1735.

4171 Wien: Hofburg 2509 Wien: Hofburg Opposite the Schweizertrakt, the Late Renaissance  Amalienburg [left, no. 4171, and right, no. 2509: background] was finished in 1605. It was built as a residence for Emerperor Rudolf II. More than a century later it was named after Amalie Wilhelmine of Braunschweig, the widow of Emperor Joseph I. Of note is the small tower with its dome and the astronomical clock on its façade.
The monument for Emperor Franz II/I [left, no. 4170, and right, no. 2509: far right] in the centre of square in front of the Amalienburg was created by Pompeo Marchesi in 1824–1846.
The Leopoldinischer Trakt [left, no. 4171, and right, no. 2509: far left] was built in 1660–1666 under Emperor Leopold I. The wing was rebuilt and enlarged in 1668–1681. It houses splendidly decorated state rooms later inhabited by Emperor Franz I and Maria Theresia which now constitute the office of the Austrian Federal President.
The Reichskanzleitrakt (Imperial chancellery tract) was built in 1723–1730 by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt and Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach. This tract houses the state rooms used later by Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth. The Hofbibliothek (now Nationalbibliothek) was built in 1735 by Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach after plans made by his father, Johann Bernhard, for Emperor Karl VI. The side wings of the library were built by Nikolaus Pacassi in 1763–1769. The Redoutensäle halls in the right wing were destroyed by a fire in 1992 and were restored, partly using modern designs, in 1997. The left wing incorporates the façade of the Augustine church.
066 Wien: Hofburg The  Michaelertrakt [left, no. 066] with its characteristic dome above the main portal towards the city was built in 1889–1893.
The Neue Hofburg was built in 1869–1913 by Gottfried Semper and Carl Hasenauer.

Kaiserforum

The Kaiserforum was planned to occupy the area between the Imperial Palace and the Imperial Stables. The plans made by Gottfried Semper were approved by Emperor Fraz-Joseph in 1870 and construction works began in the following year. The plan was not fully carried out. Only the two museums housing the Imperial collections (the Museum of Art History and the Museum of Natural History; see below) and the Neue Hofburg were completed while the northwestern wing of the Imperial Palace (opposite the Neue Hofburg) was never built. The part east of the Ringstraße towards the Imperial Palace today is known as Heldenplatz while the opposite part between the two museums bears the name Maria-Theresien-Platz.

941 Wien: Erzherzog-Karl-Denkmal 2613 Wien: Heldenplatz


The Erzherzog-Karl-Denkmal [left] in Heldenplatz was created by the sculptor Anton Dominik von Fernkorn in 1853–1859. It was the first monumental equestrian monument that is supported only by the two hind legs. The pedestal was designed by the architects Eduard van der Nüll and August Sicard von Sicardsburg. The statue was cast in eight parts and in total weighs 20 metric tons.

Archduke Karl (1771–1847) was a younger brother of Emperor Franz II/I. On 21/22 May 1809, Karl defeated Napoleon in the battle of Aspern (today part of Vienna's 22nd district). This was the first defeat of Napoleon. However, Napoleon remained victorious in the battle of Wagram only a few weeks later (5/6 July 1809). Archduke Karl subsequently had to sign the armistice of Znaim (now Znojmo, CZ) and resigned as commander of the Austrian army. He retired to live in his palace Weilburg at Baden.

The unveiling of the monument originally was planned for the year 1859, the 50th anniversary of Archduke Karl's victory at Aspern. However, as Austria in 1859 had lost the battles of Magenta and Solferino, which caused the loss of Lombardy, the unveiling was postponed to 1860.

The Äußeres Burgtor [left] was built in 1821–1824 in place of an older gate that had been destroyed by French troops in 1809. The gate was remodelled in 1934 to serve as a war memorial.

The buildings in the background are the Kunsthistorisches Museum (Museum of Art History) [background left] and the Naturhistorisches Museum (Museum of Natural History) [background right]. The museums were built in 1871–1891 by the architects Gottfried Semper und Carl Hasenauer for the Imperial Collections.

2594 Wien: Maria-Theresien-Denkmal


The Maria-Theresien-Denkmal [centre foreground] marks the centre of Maria-Theresien-Platz, the park between the two monumental Imperial museums. The monument for Maria-Theresia of Austria (born 1717, regent of Austria from 1740 until 1780, queen of Hungary and Bohemia and wife of Emperor Franz II) was created in 1874–1888 by the sculptor Caspar von Zumbusch (who also designed the famous monument for German Emperor Wilhelm I in Porta Westfalica in Germany). The monument has a height of 19.4 metres and, together with its pedestal, covers an area of 632 square metres. The monument, topped by the seating figure of Maria-Theresia is surrounded by 4 equestrian statues of the generals Leopold Joseph von Daun, Gideon Ernst von Laudon, Otto Ferdinand von Abensperg und Traun, and Ludwig Andreas von Khevenhüller. The structure is Vienna's largest monument.


The former Imperial Stables [background right] were built in 1713–1725 for Emperor Karl VI by the architects Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and his son, Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach. Although the plans were not fully executed, the historic stables are among the largest and most magnificent in Europe. During the Napoleonic Wars the stables were heavily damages as the French troops had used the complex as their headquarters which consequently were bombarded by the Austria troops. Renovations and further additions followed after 1829. Following further damages during the Austrian Revolution of 1848, further additions carried out in 1850 included the indoor riding school in Neo-Baroque style. After World War I and the dissolution of the Austria Empire the stables lost their function and most of its components were sold off. In 1921 the complex was first used as an exhibition and trade fair venue and in the following years was developed to become Vienna's 'Messepalast', the central trade fair venue. Between 1980 and 1986 the first plans for a redevelopment as a museum district were drawn up. Construction works for the new Museumsquartier started in 1998 and were completed in 1991. Within the historic complex, the Museumsquartier now also he contemporary museum buildings MUMOK (Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftng Ludwig Wien) and Leopold Museum. These two museums and the Kunsthalle in the riding school are the three largest museums in the Museumsquartier which currently is the world's eighth-largest cultural centre.

 

Burgtheater

950 Wien: Burgtheater

The Burgtheater [left] is certainly the most famous and prestigious theater in Austria. Its history goes back to 1741, when Maria Theresia of Austria gave permission to convert a ballroom within the Imperial palace into a theatre. This Theater nächst der Burg opened in 1748. In 1776 Emperor Joseph II declared the theatre the Nationaltheater nächst der Burg and entrusted a joint committee of actors and directors with its management. Thus, 1776 is generally considered the date of the foundation of the Burgtheater as a proper theatre. The old theatre closed in 1888 and moved to the new representative building (Kaiserlich-königliches Hofburgtheater) which was designed by the architects Gottfried Semper and Carl von Hasenauer. Due to bad acoustics the auditorium had to be remodelled in 1897. Most of the auditorium of the theatre was destroyed in 1945 by a bomb raid and by a further fire one month later. After the war, the Burgtheater company temporarily moved to the Varieté Ronacher. The Burgtheater was rebuilt in 1953–1955. 080 Wien: Burgtheater  

 

Parlament

1103 Wien: Parlament 065 Wien: Parlament

The Parlament (originally Reichsrathsgebäude) was built in 1873–1883 by Theophil von Hansen in Neo-Renaissance style with austere classical elements. Between 1883 and 1918 it was the seat of the upper chamber of the Reichsrat (Imperial Council) and the Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Representatives). In the First Republic it housed the Nationalrat (National Council) and the Bundesrat (Federal Council) and between 1934 and 1938 was called Haus der Bundesgesetzgebung (House of Federal Legislation). The building was severely damaged in 1945 and was rebuilt after the war. Today it again houses the two chambers of the Austrian parliament, Nationalrat and Bundesrat.
154 Wien: Parlament 1160 Wien: Parlament

Austria's First Republic was proclaimed on the steps of the parliament on 12 November 1918. The stretch of the Ringstraße in front of the parliament (originally named Franzensring for Emperor Franz I of Austria) was renamed Ring des 12. November in 1919. In 1934 it was renamed Dr.-Ignaz-Seipel-Ring for I. Seipel, Federal Chancellor 1922–1924 and 1926–1929. [Note that the two glasses no. 154, left, and no. 1160, right, show the identical picture of the parliament, but the name of the Ringstraße was erased on the latter glass.] The street was renamed Josef-Bürckl-Ring in 1940 (for J. Bürckl, Reichsstatthalter of the Ostmark and Gauleiter of Vienna 1939–1940), Dr.-Ignaz-Seipel-Ring for a second time in 1945, Parlamentsring in 1949, and finally Dr.-Karl-Renner-Ring in 1956 for K. Renner, Federal President of Austria 1945–1950.  
145 Wien: Parlament 145 Wien: Parlament 881 Wien: Parlament 081 Wien: Parlament

 

Rathaus

086 Wien: Rathaus 1566 Wien: Rathaus

The Rathaus (Town Hall) was built in 1872–1883 in Neogothic style by the architect Friedrich von Schmidt who had won an international competition for the building. The height of the middle tower had been limited to 98 m so as not to surmount the towers of the nearby Votivkirche (99 m; see below). The statue of the Rathausmann, an armoured knight carrying a lance, on top of the tower is 3.4 m high, so that the town hall in the end overtopped the church in height.

The square in front of the town hall is named Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz [see glass no. 884 below] for Karl Lueger, who had been mayor of Vienna between 1897 and 1910. Lueger is best known as a charismatic and popular politician, but he also displayed anti-semitic tendencies in conflicts with his political opponents. (Before he finally became mayor, Emperor Franz Joseph I refused to accept his election three times.) On the other hand he was responsible for considerable communal achievements during his term (gas and electricity supply, the "Green belt" forest and meadow reserve around large parts of Vienna, the 2nd water supply pipeline, social welfare and public transport). Most of the square is occupied by a park (Rathauspark).

884 Wien: Rathaus 720 Wien: Rathaus 063 Wien: Rathaus  
093 Wien: Rathaus 2035 Wien: Rathaus 352 Wien: Rathaus  

 

Staatsoper

390 Wien: Staatsoper 3160 Wien: Staatsoper

The Staatsoper (State Opera) was built in Neo-Romantic style 1861–1869 by August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard von der Nüll as the first monumental representative building on the Ringstraße, which had been laid out after the old fortifications of the city had been torn down. The architecture of the opera house was severely criticized at the time, which caused the suicide of van der Nüll in 1868, and the death of Sicardsburg from a heart attack only two months later. The predecessors of the State Opera (Kaiserlich-Königliche Hofoper) was the 'Kärntnertortheater, which had been built in 1709 and was located behind the State Opera approximately at the site of today's famous Hotel Sacher. The State Opera was heavily damaged by a bomb raid and fire in 1945. Only the foyer and the loggia, with frescoes by Moritz von Schwind, the main stairways, the vestibule and the tea room were spared. Almost the entire décor and properties, the equipment for more than 120 operas with around 150,000 costumes were destroyed. Already on 6 October 1945, the State Opera opened its temporary stages at the Theater an der Wien and at the Volkoper. The State Opera was reconstructed between 1948 and 1955, and re-opened on 5 November 1955. Among its directors were Gustav Mahler (1897–1907), Richard Strauss (1919–1924), Clemens Krauss (1929–1934), Karl Böhm (1943–1945), Herbert von Karajan (1956–1964) and Lorin Maazel (1982–1984).  

 

Stephansdom

688 Wien: Stephansdom

The Stephansdom (St. Stephen's Cathedral) is one of the most important churches of the High and Late Gothic period in Central Europe. Characteristic are the lateral position of the two towers, the integration of the Romanesque western façade, the hall choir of the High Gothic period, and the impressive steep roof covered with a decorative pattern of glazed tiles. The church measures 107 m in length, the south tower has a height of nearly 137 m. When Vienna finally was granted the status of a diocese in 1469, St. Stephen's became a cathedral. Since 1723 it is the metropolitan church of the archdiocese of Vienna. 882 Wien: Stephansdom

The oldest parts of the church (the lower floors of the west towers called Heidentürme, heathens' towers) already were part of the first church which had been built in 1137–1160. The original church was replaced by a new, Romanesque, church between 1230 and 1263. From this church, the impressive west façade with the Riesentor (Giant's Gate), the upper floors of the west towers and the west chancel are still extant. The construction of the three-aisled hall choir between 1304 and 1340 marked the beginning of the Gothic period. In 1359, the foundations for the nave, a staggered hall, the two-storied chapels on the west side, and the construction of the south tower (Hoher Turm, high tower) were laid out. The south tower (137 m high) was finished by Hans of Prachatitz (Prachatice, CZ) in 1433. The vaulting of the nave was completed by Hanns Puchspaum (Puchsbaum) in 1446. The attic, a masterpiece of Gothic carpentry was destroyed in 1945, and was reconstructed in steel on the model of the original after the war. Puchspaum also created the vestibule of the Singertor (before 1450) and designed the north tower (Adlerturm, eagle's tower). The construction of the north tower started in 1467, but was discontinued in 1511, and was finally topped with a bell-shaped dome (height of the north tower: 61 m). Anton Pilgram was the master-builder of St Stephen's from 1510 until 1514. Only during the 19th century some additions and alterations were made by Friedrich von Schmidt. In 1945, St. Stephen's Cathedral was heavily damaged by bombs and by fire. Immediately after the war, the church was reconstructed. The nave was finished in 1952, the large new organ and the bells were finally dedicated in 1960. 172 Wien: Stephansdom

Among the many treasures of art within the church are the stone-carved pulpit of the late 15th century with the famous self-portrait of Anton Pilgram (1513/1515), the Wiener Neustädter Altar (1447, purchased from the monastery of Neukloster at Wiener Neustadt in 1884), and the red marble tomb of Emperor Friedrich III (1467–1513, designed and begun by Niclas Gerhaert van Leyden). The Maria-Pötsch-Altar holds the painting of the Weeping Madonna, which was brought to St. Stephen's cathedral from Máriapócs in Hungary in 1697. Until 1945 it was exhibited in the high altar.

The north tower holds the Pummerin, the largest bell of Austria. The bell was originally cast in 1711 after the second siege of Vienna by the Turks (1683) out of the metal of Turkish canons. It originally weighed 22,511 kg and had hung in the south tower. The bell was destroyed in 1945. The present bell was cast in 1951 out of the metal of the old bell. It weighs 21,383 kg and thus is the second-largest bell in western Europe (after that of the cathedral of Cologne) and the fifth-largest bell in the world. Since 1957 it hangs in the north tower. It is rung only at the principal feast days of the ecclesiastical calendar (Easter night, Pentecost, Corpus Christi, the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Christmas Eve), on the feast day of St. Stephen (Boxing Day), on midnight of New Year's eve, on the death of a pope or the Archbishop of Vienna or the announcement of a new papacy or a new Archbishop of Vienna, and on All Souls' Day for the victims of World War II.
003 Wien: Stephansdom 146 Wien: Stephansdom

2066 Wien: Stephansdom
 

 

Graben

2047 Wien: Graben

The Graben, an elongated square between Stock-im-Eisen-Platz/Stephansplatz and Kohlmarkt, is situated at the site of the moat (German: Graben) that protected the southeastern wall of the Roman settlement Vindobona. The moat was filled in around 1200. The area later served as market place for flour and vegetables, in the 17th century it was also used as apleasureground for the Imperial court. The oldest building lining the squire is no. 11, Palais Bartolotti-Partenfeld, built in 1720. Most other building date from the 19th century. The Pestsäule (Plague Column) [background], also called Dreifaltigkeitssäule (Trinity Column), was erected in 1681–1693. It was a memorial to the Plague of 1679 which had killed between 75,000 and 150,000 people. The designers of the column (height 21 m) were Matthias Rauchmiller, Johann Fischer von Erlach and Lodovico Burnacini. The Leopopldsbrunnen (Leopold Fountain) [foreground] is a monument for St. Leopold (Margrave Leopold  III), the founder of the monastery of Klosterneuburg. Under Leopold III Vienna became part of Austria. Leopold was canonized in 1485 and since 1663 is the patron saint of Austria and Vienna. The well itself was already used in the 15th century. The present appearance of the fountain was created in 1804.

 

Marienbrücke

282 Wien: Marienbrücke 547 Wien: Marienbrücke

The bridge Marienbrücke across the Donaukanal connecting Vienna's 1st district (Innere Stadt; Inner City) and 2nd district (Leopoldstadt) was built in 1905/06. The bridge was rebuilt in 1951–53.

 
2. Bezirk: Leopoldstadt 2nd district: Leopoldstadt

Prater

099 Wien: Prater
The Prater (from Latin pratum = meadow, pasture) is a large park in the area of the previous pastures of the river Danube. The first written mention in a document dates from 1403. Since 1560 is was used as hunting grounds for the Imperial court. In 1766 it was opened to the public by Emperor Joseph II. The original character of a pasture was changed to that of a park when the course of the Danube in Vienna was straightened in 1869–1875. The amusement park (Volksprater, also called Wurstelprater after the comical figure Hans Wurst) in the western part of the Prater has been popular ever since around 1800.

2972: Riesenrad
The Riesenrad ('Giant Wheel') (65 m high) was erected in 1896/97 after a plan of the English engineers Walter B. Bassett and H. Hitchins. The picture on glass no. 099 [left] shows the original shape of the wheel with 30 cars. In 1945 they were destroyed by fire. After the war only 15 cars were mounted on the wheel as the steel cable construction had been weakened by the fire. Ferris wheels were invented by the Pittsburgh engineer George Washington Gale Ferris who built the first wheel (76 m high with 36 cars) for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago 1893. Of all the giant Ferris wheels built around the turn of the century (Chicago, London, Blackpool, Paris, Vienna etc.) the Riesenrad in Vienna is the only one that has not been scrapped and is still in use.

The tallest modern operating Ferris wheels as of 2023 are in Las Vegas, Nevada, ('The High Roller': 168 m with 28 cabins, opened in March 2014), Singapore ('Singapore Flyer': 165 m with 28 cabins, opened in February 2008), Nanchang, China, ('Star of Nanchang': 160 m with 61 cabins, opened in May 2006) and London ('Millenium Wheel' or 'London Eye': 135 m high with 32 cabins, opened in March 2000). The Ain Dubai, opened in 2021, is currently the tallest Ferris Wheel with a height of 250 metres; however, is ceased operating already in 2022.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener_Riesenrad, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferris_wheel, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain_Dubai]

Tegetthoffdenkmal

3744 Wien: Tegetthoff-Denkmal
The monument for Wilhelm von Tegetthoff [left no. 3744] was created by the architect Carl von Hasenauer and the sculptor Carl Kundmann in 1886. Wilhelm Tegetthoff (1827–1871) was vice-admiral and commander of the Austrian-Hungarian navy. He is best-known for his achievements in the Second Schleswig War (1864) for lifting the blockade of the Elbe and Weser ports, and in the Seven Weeks' War against Italy (1866) for his victory in the Battle of Lissa. The monument consists of a 5-metres-high pedestal, surrounded by fighting hippocamps, a marble column (11 metres) and a bronze sculpture of the admiral (3.5 metres). The munument was restored in 2016–2018.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegetthoff-Denkmal, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Tegetthoff]

 
3. Bezirk: Landstraße 3rd district: Landstraße

Oberes Belvedere

691 Wien: Oberes Belvedere

The Belvedere was created by Prince Eugène (Eugen) of Savoy (1663–1736) as his summer residence in Vienna. The name, which refers to the splendid view on Vienna, however, originated later in the times of Maria Theresia of Austria (1717–1780). The lower palace (Unteres Belvedere) was built in 1714–1716. The construction of the upper palace ( Oberes Belvedere [left]) started in 1720 and was completed in 1723. The palace is the chief work of the architect Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt (1668–1745). After Eugène's death, the palace passed to his sole heir, Victoria Duchess of Saxony-Hildburghausen. Maria Theresia of Austria bought the Belvedere in 1752. Her son, Emperor Joseph II (1741–1790) transferred the Imperial picture gallery to the Belvedere in 1775, and opened it to the public for the first time in 1781. The Lower Belvedere housed the Habsburg collection from Ambras Palace since 1806. Both collections became part of the Imperial Museum of Art History (Kunsthistorisches Museum) in 1890. The Belvedere became the residence of Successor-to-the-Throne Archduke Franz-Ferdinand (1863–1914) in 1894. After World War I, the Austrian Gallery (Österreichische Gallerie) was installed in the Upper Belvedere. The palace was severely damaged in 1945. A fire in 1950 destroyed the so-called 'gold cabinet' which was later replaced by a reconstruction. On 15th May 1955, the 'State Treaty', governing the re-establishment of an independent and democratic Austria, was signed in the Upper Belvedere by the foreign ministers of the signatory states, Vjačeslav Molotov, John Foster Dulles, Harold Macmillan and Antoine Pinay, and the Austrian Foreign Minister Leopold Figl.

 
4. Bezirk: Wieden 4th district: Wieden

Karlskirche

101 Wien: Karlskirche 2443 Wien: Karlskirche

The Karlskirche was built by Emperor Karl VI after the plague of 1713. It is dedicated to St. Karl Borromäus who was frequently invoked in times of the plague. The church is one of the most important examples of high baroque in Austria. It was started by the architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach 1716–1722 and completed 1724–1739 by his son Joseph Emanuel who also added the dome (72 m high) to the design. The two triumphal columns (33 m high) erected 1724–1730 are decorated with scenes from the life of St. Charles Borromeo. They are also an allusion to the Imperial status of Karl VI as they are designed to resemble the column of Emperor Traianus in Rome.

034 Wien: Karlskirche

 
7. Bezirk: Neubau 7th district: Neubau

Volkstheater

026 Wien: Volkstheater 4283 Wien: Volkstheater

The Volkstheater (the original name until 1945 was Deutsches Volkstheater) was built 1887–1889 by the architects Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer for the citizens of Vienna as a counterpart to the Hofburgtheater. The two architects became famous for this type of building and built more than 50 theatres and opera houses in numerous cities in and outside the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The dome of the building was destroyed in 1945 and reconstructed in 1980/81.

(See also list of further buildings by Fellner and Helmer that are depicted on glasses of this collection.)

 
9. Bezirk: Alsergrund 9th district: Alsergrund

Lichtentaler Pfarrkirche

2793 Wien: Lichtentaler Pfarrkirche 2793 Wien: Lichtentaler Pfarrkirche

The Lichtentaler Pfarrkirche zu den heiligen vierzehn Nothelfern (Lichtental Parish Church of the Fourteen Holy Helpers) is also known as Schubertkirche because Franz Schubert was baptised here in 1797 and wrote several compositions for use in the church. After the suburb Lichtental was founded at the turn of the 18th century, religious services were first held at the local brewery. In 1711 a chapel consecrated to St. Anna was built in the middle of the new settlement. In 1712, Emperor Charles VI laid the foundation for a church. The building was probably designed by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt and Andrea Pozzo. The first Solemn Mass was held in 1714, although the church was still unfinished. In 1723, Lichtental became an independent parish. The building was completed in 1730 and consecrated to the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Facing a rapidly growing population, the church was expanded to its present size, from 1769 to 1773. The foundation was laid by Maria Theresia. It shows elements of the transition from Baroque to Neoclassical architecture. The plans were designed by Joseph Ritter and Thaddäus Kärner. The second tower was finished only in 1827.

Composer Franz Schubert was baptised in the church on 1 February 1797. It was here he received his first musical training. In 1814, at age 17, he was commissioned to compose a missa solemnis for the centenary of the church, his first mass in F major. He conducted its first performance on 25 September 1814. His later masses in G major, B-flat major and C major were also composed for Lichtental Church, as well as other sacred music.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtental_Church]

Note that glass no. 2793 also has another painting on the inside: the picture of a nude women [right]. Beer glasses of this sort, showing a nude on the inside and an unspectacular, mostly funny, picture on the outside, were produced in large quantities for "gentlemen" of that time, i.e. the late 19th and early 20th century. This particular piece is the only example that the collector has found where the outside picture is the picture of a tourist site.

2793 Wien: Lichtentaler Pfarrkirche Below the front picture of the glass, the name of its owner, "R. Pfeifer.", was added as an etching.

Votivkirche

4445 Wien: Votivkirche 994 Wien: Votivkirche
The Votivkirche was built in 1855–1879 by the architect Heinrich von Ferstel (1828–1883) in French Neogothic style in order to commemorate the failure of the attempted assassination of the young Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1853. The church became the garrison church of Vienna in 1862 and was elevated to a provost church in 1878. Today it is also the church of the university of Vienna. The two church towers have a height of 99 m. An art-historical treasure of the church is the renaissance tomb (prior to 1546) of Count Niklas Salm (1459–1530) who defended Vienna against the Turks in 1529. The original location of the tomb (until 1879) was the church of St. Dorothea which had been pulled down.

863 Wien: Votivkirche 426 Wien: Votivkirche 480 Wien: Votivkirche 007 Wien: Votivkirche  

 
10. Bezirk: Favoriten 10th district: Favoriten

Pfarrkirche St. Anton

2086 Wien: Pfarrkirche St. Anton

The parish church Sankt Anton [left] was conceived when towards the end of the 19th century the population of Favoriten, Vienna's 10th district, began to grow rapidly and soon was too large for a single parish. The parish was subsequently divided and St. Anton was to become the church of the new parish. The foundation stone was laid in 1896 in the presence of Emperor Franz-Joseph I. Named for Saint Anthony of Padua, the patron saint of Archbishop Anton Gruscha, the church was built as a mighty construction in Historicist Romanesque-Byzantine style by the architect Franz Ritter von Neumann. The church was completed exactly six years after the start of construction. World War II caused severe damages to the church. Although the restoration works were begun shortly after the war, it took until 1961 to complete the reconstruction. The dome of the church has a height of 48.5 m, the two flanking towers are 51 m high, the width of the front façade is 25 m.

Further building designed by Franz von Neumann depicted on glasses of this collection are the church of the parish Donaufeld in Vienna (see below), the Villa Erzherzog Eugen in Baden, and the town hall of Liberec.

 
13. Bezirk: Hietzing 13th district: Hietzing

Schloss Schönbrunn

530 Wien: Schloss Schönbrunn 2906 Wien: Schloss Schönbrunn

The first castle on this site was bought in 1559 by Emperor Maximilian II as a hunting seat. 1683 the castle was destroyed by the Turks. Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach designed a plan for a new palace in 1688 following Versailles Palace as ideal model. However, between 1695 and 1711 only a simplified plan was realized. 1744-49 the palace was remodelled in Baroque style by Empress Maria Theresia. After the death of her husband, Emperor Franz I Stephan, several rooms were decorated in Rococo style. In 1817–1819 the façades were remodeled in Classicist style. The palace and gardens were listed as a UNESCO World Cultural heritage Site in 1996. (see also list of other UNESCO heritage sites depicted on glasses of this collection)

After the defeat of Archduke Karl by Napoleon at Wagram in 1809, the Peace of Schönbrunn stipulated that Austria had to accept the loss of Tyrol and Vorarlberg to Bavaria. Salzburg and parts of Upper Austria also had to be ceded to Bavaria. Western Carinthia, Carniola, Croatia south of the river Sava, Görz (Gorizia), Trieste, Fiume (Rijeka) and Dalmatia were lost to France, East Galicia came to Russia, West Galicia to the Duchy of Warsaw (personal union with the Kingdom of Saxony).

883 Wien: Schloss Schönbrunn: Neptungrotte, Gloriette

 
The park of Schloss Schönbrunn covers an area of about 2 km2 and is one of the most important and best-preserved Baroque gardens in French style. The original layout of 1706 was completely redesigned after 1765.

The Neptunbrunnen [left, bottom] was created by Franz Anton Zauner in 1740.

The Gloriette [left, top] is located on top of the hill, some 45 m above the lower part of the park. The open pillared hall was created by Ferdinand von Hohenberg in 1775 as a monument for the victory of the troops of Maria Theresia against Prussia in the Battle of Kolín in 1757.

 

Ober-Sankt-Veit

311 Wien: Ober-Sankt-Veit 906 Wien: Ober-Sankt-Veit

The parish church of Mary, Refuge of Sinners of Ober-Sankt-Veit was first mentioned in 1365. The present church was originally built in 1433 and reconstructed after destructions in 1529 and 1683. The church was enlarged in 1742 by adding a Baroque nave to the Gothic chancel.

The small village of Ober-Sankt-Veit gained importance when the Archbishops of Vienna had a summer palace built here in 1742. Since 1890/92 Ober-Sankt-Veit is part of Vienna (13th district, Hietzing).

 
14. Bezirk: Penzing 14th district: Penzing

Penzing is the 14th district of Vienna. It consists of the borroughs Penzing, Breitensee, Baumgarten, Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau. The area of today's 14th district (except Hadersdorf-Weidlingau) became part of Vienna in 1892 together with today's 13th district, Hietzing (except the Lainzer Tiergarten). At that time the area was designated as Vienna's 13th district, named Hietzing. In 1938 the district was split in two parts: the part north of the river Wien was designated as the new 14th district, named Penzing. At the same time, the former independent communities of Hadersdorf-Weidlingau and Purkersdorf also were incorporated into Vienna as part of the 14th district. Purkersdorf became an indepemdent municipality again in 1954, while Hadersdorf-Weidlingau remained part of Vienna-Penzing. In 1992 and 1995 small parts of the district were reassigned to the neighbouring city districts of Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus (15th) and Ottakring (16th).
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penzing_(Wien)]

Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Landwehrkaserne

1073 Wien: Geriatriezentrum Baumgarten (former Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Landwehrkaserne)

The Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Landwehrkaserne was built in 1901 by the architect Johann Scheiringer as barracks of the Landwehr-Bezirkskommando Nr. 1 (Landwehr district squad no. 1) and the Landwehr-Ergänzungsbezirkskommando Nr. 1 (Landwehr complement district squad no. 1). Between 1919 and 1923 the building was used as a malaria hospital of the city of Vienna. In 1922 it was rededicated to become a care home with a capacity for about 1,100 persons. During Worls War II the complex served as a military hospital. After the war, it was used first by the Red Army and then by the French occupation authorities. Already in 1946 it was used again as a care home. An infirmary was added in 1958 by the incorporation of the neighbouring St. Rochus Hospital. The opening as "Sankt-Rochus-Heim" took place in 1961. Today, the "Geriatriezentrum Baumgarten" is run by the Wiener Krankenanstaltenverbund (Vienna Hospital Alliance). At a capacity of 956 beds (2001) it is the second-largest care facility both in Austria and in Vienna. [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatriezentrum_Baumgarten]

Glass no. 2709 is labelled "XIII. Baumgarten, k.k. Landwehr-Kaserne". Hence, the glass must date from after 1901 (the year of the construction of the building) and before 1938 (the year when Vienna's former 13th district was split in two and Baumgarten became part of the new 14th district).

Mariabrunn

1812 Wien: Mariabrunn 664 Wien: Mariabrunn

The parish and pilgrimage church Mariabrunn was built 1639–1645. The vestibule was added in 1729, the church tower was erected in 1872. The church became a popular site of pilgrimages from 1616, especially for the Imperial court of Vienna. The wooden statue of Our Lady in the high altar dates from the first half of the 16th century. An epitaph for the famous Baroque architect Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt (1668–1745) was erected in the church after his death. The kermis of Mariabrunn was portrayed by the Austrian writer Adalbert Stifter (1805–1868) in his book "Wien und die Wiener in Bildern aus dem Leben" (1844).

1073 Wien: Mariabrunn The former monastery of the Discalced Augustinians was founded in 1636. The famous preacher Abraham a Sancta Clara (Matthias Megerle, 1644–1709) joined the monastery as a novice in 1662 and completed his theological studies here in 1666. The monastery was dissolved in 1785/86. Since 1813 it is the seat of the forestry school (founded 1805 in Purkersdorf) which became a section of the Vienna University for Agriculture in 1875. 4053 Wien: Mariabrunn

The village of Mariabrunn became part of Vienna (14th district, Penzing) in 1938.

 
16. Bezirk: Ottakring 16th district: Ottakring

Ottakring is the 16th District in the city of Vienna. It is located west of the central districts, north of Penzing (14th district) and south of Hernals (17th district). The original Ottakring was founded about 1,000 years ago by Bavarian settlers who cleared a small patch of forest on the cityward slope of the Gallitzinberg. The oldest written document mentioning Otachringen dates from 1147. The “oldest Ottakring” settlement was completely destroyed in 1683 during the Battle of Vienna. The village was rebuilt further downstream on the Ottakringer Bach, closer to Vienna. This nucleus, parts of which survived into the 1980s, was what became known as Alt-Ottakring in the 19th and 20th century. In 1888, Emperor Franz Joseph I declared that he wanted to unite Vienna with the surrounding villages. The Lower Austrian government passed a law, the ‘Eingemeindung der Vororten zu Wien (Annexation of Villages to Vienna)’ in 1890. On 1 January 1892, the resolution took effect. Despite initial resistance, the independent villages of Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld were merged into the 16th district of Vienna.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottakring, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt-Ottakringer_Pfarrkirche]

Alt-Ottakringer Pfarrkirche

3021 Wien: Alt-Ottakringer Pfarrkirche

The Alt-Ottakringer Pfarrkirche zur Erhöhung des Heiligen Kreuzes (Parish Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross) [left] goes back to a church dedicated to St. Wolfgang, consecrated in 1416. This church was partially rebuilt and enlarged in 1788–1789 and which was dedicated in 1790 to the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. At the same time it obtained the status of a parish church. When Ottakring grew rapidly in the second half of the 19th century, the church soon became to small for its congregation. Therefore, the present church was commissioned in 1904. When constructing the new church, it was built on top of the old church, which was only torn down when the new church was finished. The new church was consecrated in 1912.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt-Ottakringer_Pfarrkirche]

 
17. Bezirk: Hernals 17th district: Hernals

Kalvarienbergkirche

2655 Wien: Kalvarienbergkirche

The Kalvarienbergkirche (Calvary Church of St. Bartholomew) [left] is located in the historic centre of Hernals, which gave its name to Vienna's 17th district, Hernals. The northern parts of the church with its main façade and tower date from the Baroque period, the southern parts were built in Baroque revival style. The original parish church of Hernals was first mentioned in 1301. This church was destroyed by the Turks during the First Siege of Vienna in 1529. After having been rebuilt in 1548 or 1568 it became a Lutheran church. At that time, Protestant churches were forbidden in Vienna, so that many Protestants went to church in Hernals, at that time an independent community owned by the Protestant Jörger family, barons of Tollet. In 1625, during the Counter-Reformation, the church was reconverted into a Catholic church. As part of the Catholic propaganda, a Holy Sepulchre chapel in Moorish style was built next to he church in 1639. A Via Crucis with 7 stations lead from Vienna to Hernals; the distance between St. Stephen's Cathedral and the Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre matched the length of the Via Dolorosa in Jerusalem. The pilgrimage site, however, was closed 35 years later, because the site had also attracted prostitutes and criminals. During the Second Siege of Vienna (1683) the parish church, the chapel and the via crucis were largely destroyed. In 1710 the Via Crucis was recreated in Hernals, this time in the form of a Calvary. Unlike at Maria-Lanzendorf it was not necessary to create an artificial mound as there was already a natural hill. A stairway with 7 chapels on both sides lead up the hill which was crowned by a Crucifixion. The site was finished in 1717. Inside the hill, a small church was constructed. Hernals again became a popular pilgrimage site. Between 1720 and 1784 the Pauline Fathers (Order of St. Paul the First Hermit) were in charge of the church, which was rebuilt in 1766–1769. In 1784 the Calvary church became the new parish church of Hernals. Stones of the ruins of the old parish church were used to build a new tower in 1785. The remaining parts of the church were rebuilt in 1822–1828 and in 1831. Between 1889 and 1894 the church was enlarged by the architect Richard Jordan who created today's appearance of the church. The Baroque Stations of the Cross — until then separate from the church — were incorporated into the building, which was extended by its new southern parts in Baroque revival style. The church was severly hit by a bomb raid on 22 March 1945 but was rebuilt after the war. A plaque on the church commemorates the fact that it was in this church that the famous composer Franz Schubert heard the last piece of music before his death in 1828, the Latin Requiem of his brother, Ferdinand Schubert. The central object of veneration is the 'Turks' Madonna' [top], a painting of Our Lady which, according to the legend, was found in the deserted tent of the sultan after the Second Siege of Vienna (1683). Throughout the following centuries, the painting was restored several times, but each restoration preserved the bullet holes dating from 1683.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalvarienbergkirche_(Wien), http://www.kalvarienbergkirche.at/]

 
19. Bezirk: Döbling 19th district: Döbling

Nussdorfer Pfarrkiche

2891 Wien: Nussdorfer Pfarrkiche

Nussdorf (until 1999 spelled Nußdorf) is part of the 19th district of Döbling. The name Nuzdorf (Nussdorf, i.e. 'nut-village') was first mentioned in a document of the monastery of Klosterneuburg in 1114. In 1892, Nussdorf and the neighbouring peripheral settlements of Sievering, Grinzing, Oberdöbling, Unterdöbling, Heiligenstadt and Kahlenbergerdorf were incorporated into Vienna as a town district.

The Nussdorfer Pfarrkiche zum Heiligen Apostel Thomas (parish church of the Apostle Thomas) [left] goes back to a chapel dedicated to the Apostle Thomas which had been founded in the 15th century. The present church was built in 1795, financed through the appropriation of property belonging to several religious orders by Emperor Joseph II.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nussdorf,_Vienna]

Another glass in this collection shows a view of Nußdorf am Attersee in Upper Austria.

 
20. Bezirk: Brigittenau 20th district: Brigittenau

Sperrschiff

2892 Wien: Nussdorfer Pfarrkiche

The Sperrschiff (blocking ship) or Schwimmtor (floating gate) [left] was a floating barrier designed to protect the areas along the Donaukanal (Danube Canal) in Vienna from flooding and ice. It was built by Wilhelm von Engerth, entered service on 13 December 1873, and was scrapped following World War II. The Schwimmtor was located 166 metres downstream of the Brigittenauer Spitz, the beginning of the Danube Canal. The site was chosen because the canal was narrow enough at this point that the floating barrier could withstand the pressure which would be caused by an accumulation of floodwater or ice. A rounded indentation was carved into the left-hand (Brigittenau) quay wall, where the Schwimmtor was to be stowed when it was not needed. Just downstream of this indentation, the quay wall jutted out into the middle of the canal, thereby forming a support against which the barrier could be placed when it was needed. On the other bank, a niche was carved into the quay wall housing two moveable steel barriers (the Stemmtor and the Anlagetor). The Schwimmtor remained in service even after the construction of a weir and lock in Nussdorf, but fell out of use during World War I and was finally scrapped after World War II. The rounded indentation in the quay wall on the Brigittenau bank, the supporting wall jutting out into the canal, and the niche in the wall on the Nussdorf side of the canal have all survived to the modern day. The capstan which was used to move the Stemmtor and Anlagetor has also been preserved.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwimmtor]

 
21. Bezirk: Floridsdorf 21st district: Floridsdorf

Donaufelder Kirche St. Leopold

1835 Wien: Donaufelder Kirche St. Leopold The church of Sankt Leopold, church of the parish Donaufeld, was built in 1905–1914 Neo-Gothic style by the architect Franz von Neumann. Before 1905 Floridsdorf was not yet part of Vienna and there had been plans to make the Floridsdorf the capital of Lower Austria. The church thus was designed to become the seat of a new diocese. The plans did not become reality so that the large church in 1914 became the parish church of the newly established parish of Donaufeld. The church spire (96 m) is the third-highest in Vienna after the spires of St. Stephen's Cathedral and the Votivkirche (both above). St. Leopold is also the third-largest church of Vienna in terms of capacity after St. Stephen's and the church Am Hof.

The old name of the Floridsdorf area was Am Spitz. In 1786 it was renamed Floridsdorf for Floridus Leeb, abbot of Klosterneuburg, who had donated grounds for a new settlement. The first houses in the Donaufeld area were built in the early 1860's. At first the area received the name Neu-Leopoldau, but in 1885 the name Donaufeld was introduced and was made official in 1886. In 1895 Donaufeld was merged with Floridsdorf (1894 incorporated as a town), Neu-Jedlersdorf and Jedlesee to become the municipality of Floridsdorf. In 1904 Floridsdorf became part of Vienna (21st district) together with Leopoldau, Kagran, Hirschstetten, Stadlau and Aspern, and in 1910 it was expanded by the incorporation of Strebersdorf. In 1938 Kagran, Stadlau, Hirschstetten, Aspern and the Lobau area were separated from Floridsdorf to become the 22nd district, Donaustadt. In 1954 the boundary between the 21st and 22nd district was rearranged, and Stammersdorf was incorporated into Floridsdorf.

 
23. Bezirk: Liesing 23rd district: Liesing

Liesing

4450 Wien: Liesing Liesing proper, today a cadastral district of Vienna's district, is situated on both sides of the river Liesing. The river was first mentioned (as Liezniccha) in 1002. The name likely is derived from the Slavic Lesnička ('forest stream'). The settlement most likely began to develop at about the same time. Mostly destroyed during the First (1529) and Second (1683) Sieges of Vienna by the Ottomans, it had to be resettled. In the follwoing period, however, it son became one the most important settlements of the area. Up until the 19th century, it had a mostly rural character. Indutrialisation started in 1838 with the founding of the Liesing brewery. In 1905 Liesing obtained the official status of a town. Plans to merge Liesing with Atzgersdorf (1920) or with Atzgersdorf, Erlaa and Siebenhirten (1929) were finally unseccessful. On 1 October 1938, many municipalities surrounding what was then the city of Vienna were incorporated into the city to become Groß-Wien (Greater Vienna). The former southern suburbs were grouped into the new XXV district, also named Liesing as this was the most central of the former municpalities in this district. After World War II Greater Vienna was dissolved again, but Liesing, together with 7 further former municipalities (Atzgersdorf, Erlaa, Inzersdorf, Kalksburg, Mauer, Rodaun and Siebenhirten) remained with Vienna; these parts now form Vienna's 23rd district, Liesing.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liesing_(Wiener_Bezirksteil)]

The Liesing Brewery [left, no. 4450: centre] was founded in 1838 and started operating in the following year as Ober-Liesinger Felsenkeller-Bräu. Since 1872 it operated as a public limited company, Aktiengesellschaft der Liesinger Brauerei (or short, Aktienbrauerei Liesing). The small tower depicted on glass no. 4450 [left] was built in 1898 by the architects Helmer and Fellner (see a list of their buildings) and soon became the brewery's popular landmark. In 1928 the brewery was merged with the Österreichische Brau-AG. The brewery ended its operations in 1973. In the 1990s, parts of the brewery area were used as a market area for flea markets. After a spectacular major fire oin 2005, these activities were also stopped and demolition work began. From 2008 to 2012, more than 450 apartments, a shopping center, a dormitory and a daycare center were built on the ten-hectare brewery site.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brauerei_Liesing]

Mauer

4206 Wien: Mauer

Mauer is a cadastral community located in the northwest of Vienna's 23rd district, Liesing. Archeological finds demonstrate that the area had already been inhabited in prehistoric times. Remnants of a jasper mine were dated to about 4000 BC. The oldest known written mention dates from 1210. Wine production began during the Middle Ages, and still continues today. In 1609 the vilage came in possession of the Jesuits who remained the owners until 1773. In Biedermeier times Mauer was a famous Viennese summer retreat location. The first mayor took office in 1850, and the village was promoted to market town in 1902. After Nazi Germany annexed Austria, the City of Vienna was expanded greatly, which led to the incorporation of Mauer in 1938 (see map). The Rosenhügel Film Studios, which were built from 1919 to 1923 in the north of Mauer, were considered at their opening as the most modern and largest film studios in Austria. Almost all buildings were demolished in 2016.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauer_(Wien), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauer,_Vienna]

The church of Sankt Erhard [left, no. 4206: background] became Mauer's parish church only in 1783. Before that, Mauer had been part of the parish of neighbouring Atzgersdorf. The church itself had already been built in the mid-15th century and was mentioned for the first time in 1458. From its beginnings, the church had been laid out as a fortified chapel. Nevertheless, it can bee assumed that it suffered severe damages during the times of the Ottoman sieges of Vienna (1529, 1683). As in the aearly 20th century the building with its east–west orientation had become an obstacle for the newly built tram lines, the church was extensively modified in 1934–1936 by the architect Clemens Holzmeister. During this reconstruction, the entire nave was pulled down and the church was given a north–south orientation. Of the old building structure, the Gothic choir, which was repurposed as a side chapel, and the medieval church tower with its tower dome from 1770 remain. The new glass windows were designed by the painter Albert Paris Gütersloh.
[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfarrkirche_Mauer]

 

Kalksburg

1012 Wien: Kalksburg

The village of Kalksburg is situated on the Liesingbach stream, and is part of Vienna's 23rd district, Liesing. The Jesuit school, founded in 1856, was nicknamed 'the Oxford of the Old Monarchy'. Kalksburg was an independent municipality until 1938 when it became part of 'Groß-Wien' (Greater Vienna).

 

Teufelsmühle

726 Wien: Teufelsmühle

The “Devil's Mill” (Teufelsmühle) on the Wienerberg on the road from Vienna to Wiener Neustadt was already mentioned in 1477. An old legend tells the story of the owner, a cruel man who killed his pious wife by throwing her into the mill's well when she criticized his evil way of life. For a long time the spirits of the two haunted the mill. A long time later a noble knight took shelter in the haunted mill. In the middle of the knight the ghost of the wife appeared and asked the knight to recover her body from the bottom of the well and bury her in blessed ground. When he did so the next morning the haunted spirits of the man and his wife found peace and the knight is said to have found a large fortune when he returned to his home. The mill was destroyed by fire in 1902. After that it was rebuilt as a country inn [right, no. 726]. It still serves as a restaurant today and bears the name “Gasthaus zur Teufelsmühle”.

The village of Siebenhirten became part of Vienna (25th district [see inscription on the glass], Liesing) in 1938 when a total of 96 municipalities were incorporated into the city of Vienna. In 1954, 80 of these former villages were returned to Lower Austria again. The district Liesing with Siebenhirten, however, remained part of Vienna (now 23rd district).

Wien im Delfinat is a meanwhile outdated name used in German texts of the 18th century for Vienne, département Isère, France.


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